Why may the distribution of drugs differ between men and women?

The correct answer pertains to hormonal fluctuations, which significantly influence drug distribution in the body. Hormones can affect various physiological processes, including metabolism, absorption, distribution, and elimination of medications. For example, estrogen and testosterone can alter liver enzyme activity, which in turn may impact how drugs are processed. Additionally, hormonal levels can change over time and with different physiological states, such as during menstrual cycles or menopause in women, which can lead to variations in drug efficacy and tolerability. Understanding these fluctuations helps in personalizing medication regimens for individuals based on their sex and hormonal status, ensuring more effective and safer treatment outcomes.

While other factors like activity, age, and body composition do play roles in drug distribution, they do not specifically relate to the differences observed between genders as directly and profoundly as hormonal fluctuations do.