What is the term for the movement of particles in a solution through permeable membranes?

The term that describes the movement of particles in a solution through permeable membranes is dialysis. Dialysis is a process used largely in medical settings, particularly for patients with kidney failure, where impurities and excess substances are removed from the blood through a semipermeable membrane. In this context, it effectively separates smaller molecules and ions from larger ones, providing a means for maintaining proper balance within bodily fluids.

When considering the other terms presented, HEPA (High-Efficiency Particulate Air) refers to a type of air filter that removes a high percentage of particles from the air, primarily used in ventilation systems rather than in fluid movement through membranes. Pyrogenic relates to fever-inducing substances that may produce a reaction in the body but does not apply to membrane processes. Osmosis, while similar, specifically refers to the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane rather than the movement of particles in general. Thus, dialysis encompasses a broader range of particle movement, making it the correct choice for this question.